As a self-published author, navigating the world of book metadata and cataloging information can be markedly confusing. So, many indie authors wonder how to get a Library of Congress number for self-published books or whether there are differences between PCIP vs CIP programs. This guide explains how to get an LCCN as a self-published author, explores book cataloging services for independent authors, and also clarifies the Canadian CIP program for self-publishers who want proper library cataloging data for their books.
In this updated guide for 2025, we’ll clarify what options are available to self-published authors in the United States and Canada, and how you can ensure your book has the proper cataloging information to enhance its discoverability and professional appearance.
Table of contents
- Understanding Cataloging Terminology
- Options for Self-Published Authors in the United States
- Options for Self-Published Authors in Canada
- Benefits of Having Cataloging Data
- What to Include on Your Copyright Page
- Frequently Asked Questions About PCIP and Library Cataloging
- Final Thoughts
- Resources for Self-Published Authors
Understanding Cataloging Terminology
Before diving into your options as a self-published author, it’s important to understand the key terminology:
Understanding Cataloging Terms: Pros and Cons
Pros
- Knowing the difference between CIP and PCIP helps you choose the right option
- Understanding LCCNs helps you properly format your copyright page
- Recognizing what cataloging data contains helps you evaluate third-party services
- Familiarity with terminology makes communication with libraries easier
- Knowledge of these terms demonstrates professionalism to the publishing industry
Cons
- Library cataloging terminology can be confusing and technical
- Terms are often used inconsistently across different resources
- Acronyms (CIP, PCIP, LCCN, PCN) are easily confused
- Requirements differ between countries and can change over time
- Self-publishing resources often contain outdated information about these terms
Here are the essential terms you need to know:
- CIP (Cataloging-in-Publication) – A program run by national libraries (like the Library of Congress in the US or Library and Archives Canada) that provides cataloging information before a book is published
- PCIP (Publisher’s Cataloging-in-Publication) – Similar cataloging data created by private cataloging services rather than national libraries
- LCCN (Library of Congress Control Number) – A unique identifier assigned by the Library of Congress to catalog records
- PCN (Preassigned Control Number) – The program through which self-published authors can request an LCCN
Options for Self-Published Authors in the United States
Library of Congress CIP Program
Can self-published authors get official Library of Congress CIP data?
Unfortunately, no. The Library of Congress CIP Program is only available to publishers that:
- Publish at least 5 titles per year
- Are based in the United States
- Are commercial publishers, university presses, museums, or professional associations
- Distribute through established channels
Undeniably, this effectively excludes most self-published authors and small presses.
The PCN Program (Getting an LCCN)
Although it can be confusing, the good news is that self-published authors can still obtain a Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN) through the PCN (Preassigned Control Number) Program.
How to Apply for a Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN)
Follow these steps to obtain an LCCN for your self-published book through the Library of Congress PCN Program.
Estimated time: 30 minutes for application, up to 2 weeks for processing
- Create an account on the PCN Program website
In order to start the process, you’ll need to visit the Library of Congress PCN Program website at https://www.loc.gov/publish/pcn/ and click on “Create Account” to register with your publisher information.
- Verify your book meets the requirements
Ensure your book will be printed and bound with a spine, contains at least 50 pages, and will be distributed in the United States.
- Complete the PCN application form
Fill out all required fields, including title, author, publication date, ISBN, publisher information, and basic subject matter.
- Submit your application and wait for processing
Then you need to head to your PCN Program account. Here, you’ll need to review all information for accuracy and submit your application. Processing typically takes 5-14 business days.
- Receive your LCCN and add it to your copyright page
As soon as you’re approved, you’ll receive an email with your assigned LCCN. Format it on your copyright page as “Library of Congress Control Number: 2025XXXXXX”
- Send a copy of your published book to the Library of Congress
Without delay, send a complimentary copy of your book to the address provided in your LCCN confirmation email. You have 30 days after publication to do so.
Note: While this gives you an LCCN, it does not provide the full cataloging data block that traditionally published books have.
Third-Party PCIP Services
Despite cataloging challenges, self-published authors who want a complete cataloging data block can use third-party cataloging services that create PCIP data.
These services typically:
- Cost between $100-$150
- Provide professionally created cataloging information following library standards
- Deliver a formatted data block to include on your copyright page
Reputable providers include:
Options for Self-Published Authors in Canada
Library and Archives Canada CIP Program
The CIP program in Canada is somewhat more accessible to self-published authors than the US program, but still has requirements:
Who can apply:
- Canadian publishers (including self-publishers) who have published at least two titles under their imprint
- Must plan to publish at least one title per year
- Must have a Canadian presence
- Books must be distributed beyond the author’s immediate circle
How to apply:
- Register with Library and Archives Canada’s CIP program
- Submit your application at least 1 month before publication
- Complete the CIP data application form with details about your book
Self-published authors who don’t meet these requirements can also use third-party cataloging services, many of which serve both US and Canadian authors.
Benefits of Having Cataloging Data
Why should self-published authors care about having PCIP data or an LCCN?
- Professionalism – It gives your book a more professional appearance
- Library Acceptance – Makes it easier for libraries to catalog and acquire your book
- Discoverability – Helps readers find your book through library systems
- Metadata Completeness – Provides essential metadata that can be used in online listings
- Distribution Channels – Some wholesalers and distributors prefer or require this information
What to Include on Your Copyright Page
For US self-published authors:
Library of Congress Control Number: 2025XXXXXX
For those using a third-party PCIP service:
[Full PCIP data block provided by the cataloging service]
Publisher’s Cataloging-in-Publication Data (or a note that cataloging information is available from the Library of Congress)
For Canadian self-published authors with CIP data:
[Full CIP data block provided by Library and Archives Canada]
Cataloguing in Publication data is available from Library and Archives Canada
Frequently Asked Questions About PCIP and Library Cataloging
Self-published authors cannot get official CIP (Cataloging-in-Publication) data directly from the Library of Congress, as this program is restricted to established publishers releasing at least 5 titles per year. However, self-published authors have three alternatives: obtaining an LCCN through the PCN program, using third-party PCIP services, or working with a professional cataloger to create library-standard metadata for their books.
CIP (Cataloging-in-Publication) data is official cataloging information created by national libraries like the Library of Congress or Library and Archives Canada. PCIP (Publisher’s Cataloging-in-Publication) data is identical in format and purpose but is created by third-party cataloging services or librarians working independently. Libraries recognize both formats, though official CIP data carries slightly more authority. The primary difference is who creates the data, not the format or usefulness of the information.
To apply for a Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN) as a self-published author:
1. Create an account on the PCN (Preassigned Control Number) Program website at loc.gov/publish/pcn
2. Verify your book meets the basic requirements (print format, bound with spine, 50+ pages, U.S. distribution)
3. Complete the online application with your book’s title, author, ISBN, publication date, and basic subject information
4. Applications are typically processed within 2 weeks
5. Once assigned, your LCCN should be printed on the copyright page using this format: “Library of Congress Control Number: 2025XXXXXX”
Yes, Canadian self-publishers can obtain official CIP data from Library and Archives Canada if they meet certain requirements: having published at least two titles under their imprint, planning to publish at least one title per year, and having Canadian distribution beyond the author’s immediate circle. Self-publishers who don’t meet these requirements can use third-party cataloging services to create PCIP data that follows the same format and serves the same purpose as official CIP data.
Third-party PCIP services typically cost between $100-$150 USD for a standard book. The price may vary based on the complexity of the book (technical manuals, multilingual texts, or books with extensive bibliographies may cost more). Some services offer discounts for multiple titles or returning clients. While this represents an additional publishing expense, the investment can be worthwhile for authors targeting library markets or seeking to present their books professionally.
Cataloging data isn’t strictly necessary for self-published books, but it provides significant benefits. Books with proper cataloging information are easier for libraries to acquire and catalog, appear more professional to readers and reviewers, and have enhanced metadata that improves discoverability. If you’re planning to market your book to libraries, academic institutions, or bookstores, having cataloging data significantly increases your chances of acceptance. For direct-to-consumer sales only, it’s less critical but still adds credibility.
The PCIP or CIP data block traditionally appears on the copyright page (also called the verso of the title page), which is typically the reverse side of the title page near the beginning of the book. The data is usually presented in a smaller font size than the main text, in a distinct block, and follows a standardized format containing subject headings, author information, title information, and bibliographic details. It should appear near other publishing information such as the copyright notice, ISBN, and publisher information.
Libraries don’t strictly require LCCN numbers for self-published books, but having one significantly increases the chances of library acquisition. An LCCN helps library staff quickly catalog your book using existing records, saving them time and resources. Many libraries, particularly smaller ones with limited cataloging staff, prioritize books that already have LCCNs and proper cataloging data. While not an absolute requirement, an LCCN is an important professional element that demonstrates your commitment to library standards and makes your book more attractive to library acquisition committees.
Final Thoughts
Although getting official CIP data directly from national libraries can be challenging for most self-published authors, the alternatives—PCN numbers and third-party PCIP services—offer viable options that serve essentially the same purpose.
As the publishing landscape continues to evolve, self-published authors are consequently being recognized as legitimate publishers. By obtaining the appropriate cataloging information for your books, you not only enhance their professional appearance but also increase their chances of being discovered by readers and acquired by libraries.
Above all, it’s important to remember that cataloging data is just one part of a professional book package—along with a high-quality cover, professional editing, proper ISBN assignment, and thoughtful metadata—that helps self-published books compete in today’s crowded marketplace.
